Anime, also known as Japanimation, refers to both hand-drawn and computer-generated animation originating from Japan. The term “anime” is derived from the English word “animation,” but in Japan, it encompasses all forms of animated media. Outside Japan, however, “anime” typically denotes animation produced in Japan or styles linked to Japanese animation, characterized by vibrant graphics, lively characters, and fantastical themes. This broader cultural understanding allows for the possibility of anime created outside Japan.

Japanese animation’s commercial origins trace back to 1917. A distinctive art style emerged in the 1960s through the works of Osamu Tezuka, gaining popularity both domestically and internationally over the latter half of the 20th century. Anime is distributed through various channels, including theatrical screenings, television broadcasts, direct-to-home media, and online platforms. Many anime series are original works, but a significant number are adaptations of manga (Japanese comics), light novels, or video games.

Over time, anime production methods have evolved with new technologies, blending various media techniques such as graphic art, storytelling, cinematography, and innovative visual effects. Unlike traditional animation that emphasizes movement, anime often concentrates on detailed settings and employs camera techniques like panning, zooming, and unique angle shots to enhance storytelling. The art styles are diverse, with character designs ranging from exaggerated, large emotive eyes to more realistic proportions.

Anime spans numerous genres, appealing to both broad and niche audiences. In the United States, terms like “wapanese” have emerged to describe fans—initially referring to White individuals eager to emulate Japanese culture, and later evolving into “weeaboo,” which describes those with a strong obsession with Japanese anime and manga subculture.